Male gametophyte generation and development is one of the key steps of sexual reproduction in plants. The occurrence of male gametophytes includes male gamete development and specialization, the formation of microspores (including reduction cleavage), male gametophyte (pollen grains) formation. The microspore mother cell undergoes meiosis and forms four haploid microspores. Each microspore undergoes an unequal round of mitosis to produce two-celled pollen. At this stage, the pollen grain consists of larger vegetative cells (VC) and smaller germ cells (GC) encapsulated in the cytoplasm. The germ cells then undergo a second round of equal mitosis, producing two haploid sperm cells (SCS). This structure consisting of a vegetative nucleus (VN) and two sperms (SC) is called the male reproductive unit (MGU). We use molecular genetics, cell biology, genomics and other multi-disciplinary methods, focuses on occurrence and development of male gametophyte genetic mechanisms, mainly including the cytological mechanism of male gametophyte formation, male sexual germ cell differentiation and specilization, development of male gametes genetic mechanisms to have a well understanding of the mechanism of plant reproductive development evolution rule.